Art of forming castings.



G. B. MOPHILLIPS.

ART OF FORMING OASTINGS.

APPLICATION 111.21) 11111. 27. 1910.

970,096 Patented Sept..13,1910.

WITNESSES:

men are frequently nail-ends.

'qllll'eS a separate and distinct handling CHARLES B. Moll-PHILLIPS, or SUFFERN, NEW YORK.

ART OF FORMING CASTINGS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 13, 1910.

Application filed January 27, 1910. Serial No. 540,381.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES B. MoPHIL- LIPS, a citizen of the United States, residing in Sutton, Rockland county, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Art of Forming Castings; and I do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanyin drawing, and to letters of reference marke thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to the art of casting objects having previously-formed parts made to adhere to them in the molds, and articularly to that branch of this art in w ich the previously-formed part is attached to one of the complementary members ofa separable mold said part and projecting into said mold member, as in the casting of railway brakeshoes having reinforcing backs. In the present practice of that branch of this art above alluded to, considerable expense which it is my purpose to eliminate, is undergone in the following respects: After the castings have been removed from the molds and cleaned-in a tumbler they are one by one trimmed of the portions of the nails which project from them; since this operation reg O the castings, it makes an item of considerable expense in itself, but in addition the workinjured by the flying Again, during the cleaning operation in the tumbler, although the projecting nail-ends are usually all bent over before the castings are ready to be removed from the tumbler, they do not rest flat against the faces of the castings, but at best merely stand arched; since the nail-ends still project materially, therefore, not only is the cleaning 0 ration rendered less perfect than it mig t be otherwise, but it is unduly protracted, it being obvious that the less room there is in the tumbler for individual movement of the castings the more slowly will the cleaning operation proceed.

According to my invention, the previouslyformed parts are attached to their correspondin mold members'by nails or the like devices iaving substantially uniform transverse dimenslon from end to end thereof in the same manner as heretofore, but each by nails or the like engaged with nail islocally weakened in the portion thereof which projects from the previouslyformed parts and near the relatively outer faces of the same. In consequence, I am enabled to eliminate the trimming operation as a distinct step entirely and the elements of expense and of injury to the workmen incident. thereto. When the castings are removed from the molds they are introduced directl into the tumbler and while being cleane therein the projecting ends of their nails become broken off at the weakening points by the continuous falling of the castings upon each other. Cleaner castin therefore not only result, but an obvious considerable saving in the cost of manufacture is secured. 1

have illustrated my invention in the accompanying drawing, wherein,

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through the drag and cope of a mold for use in casting brake-shoes, showing a reinforcing backing for the brake-shoe next to be cast in the mold attached to the cope by nails formed in accordance with this invention; Fig. 2 shows a brake-shoe in side elevation, partly in sect-ion, after it has been removed from the mold but before its introduction into the tumbler; Fig. 3 shows the finished brake-shoe in side elevation, partly in section; Fig. 4 is a plan of the finished brakeshoe; and Figs. 5 and 6 are side elevations of the improved nail used in securing the backing to the cope of the mold.

The device usually employed to secure the previously formed part, such as the reinforcing backing in the manufacture of brake-shoes, temporarily to the cope or'other member of the mold is a tenenny wroughtiron nail, such as that marke a in the drawing, without the recesses g.

in the drawing is the reinforcing backing (or other previously-formed part) which is to be made to adhere in the mold to the material to be poured into the same to form the casing.

d is the dra of the mold and e the cope. It is unessentia to what member of the mold the previously-formed part is secured, of course, but for the purpose of illustration and in accordance with the usual practice in the casting of brake-shoes said part (the backing b) is attached to the cope, e by the nails a, which 1project into the cope, preferably divergent their heads 0 overlapping the part b.

The nails'a are, in furtherance of my invention, formed with localized weakenings, which may be produced in any desired manner; in the preferred form these weakenings are produced by making V-shaped recesses therein at op osite points, the recesses (g) extending sut ciently far into the metal so that their apices are relatively close to each other. The weakened points thus produced in the nails are situated at a distance from the heads of the nails which will be sufiicient, when the nails are introduced into the backing b with their heads abutting against the same, to bring them approximately in the plane of the outer face of the backing, as shown in Fig. 2. Having secured the backing b to the cope of the mold by nailsso formed and assembled the cope, with the backing attached, with the drag or other member or members of the mold, the metal is poured into the mold, as through the gate h. When the casting f has set and sufliciently' cooled it is removed from the mold,

the backing now forming an integral part thereof. The casting is then introduced into a tumbler with others to undergo the cleaning operation. During this operation, as the castings are thrown about and fall against each other, the nails will be bent over sharply at their weakened points, either breaking off at once at said points or sooner or later in the tumbling'operation.

When removed from the tumbler the castings will a pear as in Figs. 3 and 4:, the exposed en s of the butts i of the nails remainin in the casting lying substantially flush with the corresponding surface of the casting.

It will be observed that the recesses g af fect only a limited portion of the nail and that they extend laterally into the broad sides or faces of the nail sufliciently so as to leave the relatively thin neck j. The proecting portions ofi more readily of the nails therefore break than they would were the recesses less deep or if they affected a greater extent of the nails, and the breaksare cleaner; by entering the recesses at the broad sides of the nails, the latter will break off before they will bend (which they would not do if the recesses were entered at the narrow sides of the nails), a circumstance which I have found materially favors substantially complete removal of all of the projecting portions of the nails in the tumbling process.

I-Iavin thus fully described my invention, what I c aim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: c i

51. As an article of manufacture for use in securing a part ada ted to form an integral casting to one o the members of the mold in which the casting'is to be formed, an elongated device having two opposed broad, and two opposed narrow, having a head at one end thereof and also having oppositely disposed V-shaped recesses formed in the broad faces thereof in proximity to thehead, substantially as described.

2. In combination, with one of the complementary members of a separable mold and a part adapted to form an integral portion of a casting to be formed in the mold, elongated devices each having the major portion thereof projecting into said mold member and securing said part thereto, each of faces and said devices being of substantially uniform 

